特定氨基酸缺底物对体外培养混合瘤胃微生物及其发酵的影响.docVIP

特定氨基酸缺省及发酵（，225009）Effects of Certain Amino Acids-Removal on the Rumen Mixed Microbes and Fermentation in vitro WANG Meng-zhi, WANG Hong-rong, CAO Heng-chun, LI Guo-xiang, ZHANG Jie (College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu) Abstract: 【Objective】 to investigate how rumen microbes and fermentation change with certain amino acids in vitro. 【Method】Three goats fitted with cannula were used to provide rumen liquor. The removl method was applied. Treatments of total essential amino acid (TEAA), His-removal, Lys-removal, Met-removal, and branch chain amino acids (BCAA)-removal were designed. 【Result】The substrates no significant influence on the average pH value, but each had a different pattern with time change. The recorded concentration of NH3-N ranged between 10.99 to 30.51 mg/100 ml, while observed to be much higher in incubation medium varied patterns with time change. Yields of microbial protein varied with treatments, with lowest decrease of 44.52% in the treatment with BCAA-removal (P＜0.01) compared to the group of TEAA. As for micro-flora, the protozoa to bacteria ratio was lowest for treatment group with Lys-removal (89.12%), while highest for the group with BCAA-removal (127.60%) (P＜0.01). Furthermore, PCR-SSCP analysis revealed microbial profile change within bacteria or protozoa group subjected to the substrates. 【Conclusion】ietary amino acid influences both fermentation and microbial community. Branch chain AAs are essential AA for the growth of ruminal mixed microbes. Key words: Certain amino acids; Rumen mixed microbes; Fermentation; PCR-SSCP 0 引言 【研究意义】瘤胃微生物蛋白质是反刍动物小肠氨基酸的主要来源[1,2]。如何充分利用反刍动物蛋白质营养生理特点，使流向十二指肠微生物蛋白质最大是有效调控反刍动物蛋白质营养、节约蛋白质饲料，缓解蛋白质资源短缺的重要途径之一。【前人研究进展】瘤胃微生物的生长同样需要必需氨基酸及限制性氨基酸。Kajikawa等报道[3]在去除亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸等氨基酸的培养液中，瘤胃微生物的生长受到限制，提示瘤胃微生物需要某个或某些特定氨基酸。【本研究切入点】有关氨基酸对瘤胃微生物影响的研究相对较少，其结果也远不足以解析氨基酸影响瘤胃微生物生长的规律以及调控微生物蛋白促进宿主生产。因此，本研究以瘤胃混合微生物的必需氨基酸组成比例为全量对照，分别设赖氨酸、蛋氨酸和支链氨基酸等的缺省底物进行体外培养，利用PCR-SSCP技术分析微生物群落的动