市售酵母发酵菌粉中酵母菌特性研究.docVIP

市售酵母发酵菌粉中酵母菌特性研究 摘要：从市售的安琪牌高活性干发酵粉中分离提取纯化得到其有效酵母菌。以该酵母菌为试验菌株，观察其菌落形态特征和细胞形态特征，发现其符合酿酒酵母的特征。对其进行一系列单因素发酵试验，结果表明该酵母菌在35℃温度下生长最快，并能适应较低pH环境，在pH为6时生长最迅速。低浓度NaCl对其生长没有影响，但随着浓度的增大，NaCl对其生长影响明显增大，且酒精能严重抑制其生长。通过碳源同化实验和氮源同化实验发现该菌的最适碳源是蔗糖和葡萄糖，能够利用硫酸铵和赖氨酸作为其氮源。4228 关键词：酵母粉；酵母菌；发酵；碳源；氮源 The Characteristic Research of Yeast on Market Abstract: Usable saccharomycetes were purified from actively dry baking powder in markets which brand is ldquo;Anqirdquo;. The tester strain were observed the morphological characteristics of both its bacterial colony and cell as well,and noting the saccharomycetes is accorded with the characteristics of saccharomycetes cerevisiae. After conducting a series of single factor fermentation experiments, the results showed saccharomycetes experienced the fastest growing period at the temperature 35℃ and pH6. The low concentration of NaCl exerted no influence on its growing, however, the influence become severe with increasing concentration, and alcohol severely restraining that. It is accessible to gain the most suitable cane sager and glucose by carbon source assimilation experiment and nitrogen source assimilation experiment, and the usage of ammonium sulfate and lysine as its nitrogen source. Key words: Baking powder;Fermentation;Saccharomycetes;Characteristics;Carbon source;Nitrogen source 目录 摘要1 Abstract1 引言2 1. 材料和方法2 1. 材料和方法 1.1 实验材料和培养基 1.1.1 研究菌株 菌种：从超市买来的安琪牌高活性干酵母粉中活化，分离纯化得到的酿酒酵母。 1.1.2 培养基成分与配制方法 （1）菌种的分离纯化培养基：选用YPD培养基：溶解10 g酵母膏, 20 g蛋白胨，20 g琼脂粉于900 mL水中,高压蒸汽灭菌121℃ 20 min；灭菌后加入100 mL葡萄糖溶液（含葡萄糖20 g）；自然pH。 注：葡萄糖溶液混合后在121℃高温下可能会发生化学反应，导致培养基成分变化，所以要分别灭菌后再混合[6]。 （2）马铃薯液体培养基：选用新鲜马铃薯剥皮称重200 g，将其切成小薄片于锅内煮沸50 min，不断搅拌、加水，防止糊锅，利于过滤；煮过后用12层纱布过滤；蔗糖20 g，定容至1000 mL，自然pH。 （3）无碳基础培养基：KH2PO4 3 g，MgSO4bull;7H2O 5 g，蛋白胨10 g,加蒸馏水定容至1000 mL, pH 6.5。高压蒸汽灭菌121℃ 20 min[7]。此培养基适用于测定酵母菌对碳源的利用(加待测碳源1%)。 （4）无氮基础培养基:葡萄糖10 g，KH2PO4 3 g，MgSO4bull;7H2O 0.5 g，酵母膏 0.1 g，加无氨蒸馏水定容至1000 mL，pH 6.5。高压蒸汽灭菌121℃ 20 min[7]。此培养基适用于测定酵母菌对氮源的利用(加待测氮源1%)。 1.1.3 其他实验试剂 美兰试剂，浓盐酸，氢氧