医学微生物学名词解释和问答题（Interpretation and quiz questions of medical microbiology）.docVIP

医学微生物学名词解释和问答题（Interpretation and quiz questions of medical microbiology） Introduction I. definitions of microorganisms Microorganisms are a group of tiny creatures that are small in nature, simple in structure, and invisible to the naked eye. They have to be magnified several hundred, thousands, or even tens of thousands of times with the aid of a microscope. Two. Kinds of microorganisms According to size, structure, composition and so on, microorganisms can be divided into three major groups: 1. non cell type microorganisms have no typical cell structure, and have no energy producing enzyme system. They can only grow and propagate in living cells. The nucleic acid type is DNA or RNA, both of which exist at the same time. Such as viruses. 2., prokaryotic microbial nucleus is a ring naked DNA mass structure, without nuclear membrane and nucleolus, organelle is not perfect, only ribosome. Such as bacteria, mycoplasma, Rickettsia, chlamydia, leptospira and actinomyces. 3. eukaryotic cells have a high degree of nuclear differentiation, with nuclear membrane and nucleoli, and organelles are intact. Fungi. Three. Definition of medical microbiology Medical microbiology is a basic medical course, biological characteristics, pathogenicity and immunological mechanism research and medicine related pathogenic conditions and pathogenic microorganisms, as well as specific diagnosis, prevention and control measures, to disease control and eradication of infectious diseases and related immune injury, to protect and improve the health level of people objective. The research focus of medical microbiology for future research should be strengthened and proteomics of microbial genomes, elucidate the relationship between pathogen and host, especially the pathogenesis and immune mechanism, the development of safe and effective preventive and therapeutic vaccines, create a specific, sensitive, rapid and simple diagnostic method, further resistance mechanism study on the microorganisms, to