2.1植物细胞工程（2.1 plant cell engineering）.docVIP

2.1植物细胞工程（2.1 plant cell engineering） Topic 2 cell engineering The principle and method of molecular biology and cell biology applications, by means of some engineering, at the level of cells or organelles on the level of operation, according to the will of the people to alter the genetic material within the cell or to obtain a comprehensive science and technology cell. Two point one plant cell engineering The theoretical basis of the technology -- the totipotent nature of plant cells Plant cell engineering { The technical means commonly used are {plant tissue culture Plant somatic hybridization totipotency 1. Definition: the cells of an organism have the potential to form a complete body of offspring cells. 2 Principle: biological cells generally include a species peculiar to the whole genetic material, have become all the genes necessary for the complete development of the individual, in theory, every living organism should be totipotent. 3, differences: (1) the highest totipotent of fertilized eggs (2) the cells in the differentiated cells of fertilized eggs Less totipotent than reproductive cells. 4, size Fertilized egg reproductive cell somatic cell Think about why the cells in the body do not exhibit pluripotency, but instead differentiate into different tissues and organs The selective expression of genes under specific spatial and temporal conditions. At different stages of individual development, the genes expressed by cells in different parts of the organism are different, and the synthesized proteins are different, thus forming different tissues and organs. 5. cells exhibit totipotent conditions (1) in vitro state; (2) there are certain nutrients, hormones and other external conditions Plant tissue culture Necessary conditions: cells in vitro, certain nutrients, hormones, sterile environment, suitable temperature, Suitable PH Keywords: explants, dedifferentiation, re differentiation, callus Explant: cut from the living plant to the part of culture A tis