对称密钥加密法Fig315PlaintextEncryptwithsymmetrickeyPlain.PPT

Computer-based Symmetric Key Cryptographic Algorithm计算机对称密钥加密算法 Algorithm type and modes算法类型和模式 Algorithm type defines what size of plain text should be encrypted in each step 算法类型定义算法每一步要加密的明文长度 Algorithm mode defines the details of the cryptography algorithm 算法模式定义具体算法类型中的加密算法细节 Ciphers加密法 Mechanism that decides the process of encryption/decryption 决定加/解密过程的一种机制 Stream Cipher: Bit-by-bit encryption / decryption 流加密法：一位一位加/解密 Block Cipher: Block-by-block encryption / decryption 块加密法：一块一块加/解密 many current ciphers are block ciphers Types of Cipher加密的类型 Stream Cipher Example流加密举例 Block Cipher Example块加密举例 Concepts of confusion and diffusion混淆和扩散 cipher needs to completely obscure statistical properties of original message 加密需要完全弄乱原始消息的统计信息 a one-time pad does this 一次板可以实现该目标 more practically Shannon suggested combining elements to obtain: 香农提出结合性原理包含两个概念： Concepts of confusion and diffusion混淆和扩散 Confusion is a technique of ensureing that a cipher text gives no clue about the plain text 混淆是为了保证密文中不会反映出明文线索 Diffusion increases the redundancy of the plain text by spreading it across rows and columns 扩散增加明文的冗余度（统计信息），使其分布在行和列中 Algorithm Modes算法模式 Encryption in ECB Mode电码本模式加密 Decryption in ECB Mode电码本模式解密 Advantages and Limitations of ECB电码本的优缺点 Encryption in CBC Mode加密块链接模式加密 Decryption in CBC Mode加密块链接模式解密 Advantages and Limitations of CBC加密块链接的优缺点 Encryption in CFB Mode加密反馈模式加密 Encryption in OFB Mode输出反馈模式加密 Exercise练习 Answer to exercise练习答案 Symmetric Key Cryptography对称密钥加密法 Same key used for encryption and decryption 加解密使用相同密钥 Examples: DES, IDEA, RC5, Blowfish, AES 例如：DES, IDEA, RC5, Blowfish, AES Quite popular and fast 使用很广泛并且加密速度快 Symmetric Key Cryptography对称密钥加密法 Data Encryption Standard (DES)数据加密标准（DES） Conceptual View of DESDES概述 Broad Level Steps in DESDES中的主要步骤 Initial Permutation IP初始置换 IP Initial Permutation IP Example 初始置换 IP举例 Details of One Round in DESDES中每一轮的细节 Details of One R