2013微波遥感课件.ppt

* 海洋卫星SEASAT 航天飞机成像雷达SIR 加拿大RADARSAT 其它： ENVISAT、ALOS、ERS、JERS LIDAR * SAR雷达卫星 * * 海洋卫星（SEASAT） 最早的SAR卫星，1978年6月发射（美国） 其微波传感器SAR为L波段，HH极化，入射角为23°，分辨率25m×25m，观测带宽100km。 目的：对全球表面波和极地海冰条件的监测，对陆地的覆盖部分也显示了丰富的信息 覆盖全球海洋的95%。 只获得了99天的数据 意义重大 * 航天飞机成像雷达 （Space Shuttle Imaging Radar, SIR） 共发射3次，1981年SIR-A，1984年SIR-B，1994年SIR-C，均与SEASAT有共同点，但又有所改进 L波段，X、C、L波段 * 加拿大RADARSAT 1995年发射RADARSAT-1 C波段，多种分辨率、视角等 7种成像模式：精细模式、标准模式、宽模式、超低模式、超高模式、宽扫描ScanSAR模式、窄扫描ScanSAR模式 * RADARSAT 成象模式 * RADARSAT 成象模式 RADARSAT-2 ☆ 2004发射。 * ERS ☆The European Space Agency (ESA) launched ERS-1 in July of 1991. ERS-1 carried on-board a radar altimeter, an infrared radiometer and microwave sounder, and a C-band (5.66 cm), active microwave instrument. This is a flexible instrument which can be operated as a scatterometer to measure reflectivity of the ocean surface, as well as ocean surface wind speed and direction. It can also operate as a synthetic aperture radar, collecting imagery over a 100 km swath over an incidence angle range of 20 to 26 degrees, at a resolution of approximately 30 metres. Polarization is vertical transmit and vertical receive (VV) which, combined with the fairly steep viewing angles, make ERS-1 particularly sensitive to surface roughness. The revisit period (or repeat cycle) of ERS-1 can be varied by adjusting the orbit, and has ranged from three to 168 days, depending on the mode of operation. Generally, the repeat cycle is about 35 days. ☆ A second satellite, ERS-2, was launched in April of 1995 and carries the same active microwave sensor as ERS-1. Designed primarily for ocean monitoring applications and research, ERS-1 provided the worldwide remote sensing community with the first wide-spread access to spaceborne SAR data. Imagery from both satellites has been used in a wide range of applications, over both ocean and land environments. Like SEASAT, the steep viewing angles limit their utility for some land applications due to geometry effects. * * JERS ☆The National Space Devel