changes in cytokine levels and nk cell activation associated with influenza细胞因子水平变化和nk细胞活化与流感有关.pdfVIP

Changes in Cytokine Levels and NK Cell Activation Associated with Influenza 1 1 1 1 1 2 Stephanie Jost , Heloise Quillay , Jeff Reardon , Eric Peterson , Rachel P. Simmons , Blair A. Parry , 3 2 1 Nancy N. P. Bryant , William D. Binder , Marcus Altfeld * 1 Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Massachusetts General Hospital Medical Walk-In Clinic, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract Several studies have highlighted the important role played by murine natural killer (NK) cells in the control of influenza infection. However, human NK cell responses in acute influenza infection, including infection with the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, are poorly documented. Here, we examined changes in NK cell phenotype and function and plasma cytokine levels associated with influenza infection and vaccination. We show that absolute numbers of peripheral blood NK cells, and particularly those of CD56bright NK cells, decreased upon acute influenza infection while this NK cell subset expanded following intramuscular influenza vaccination. NK cells exposed to influenza antigens were activated, with higher proportions of NK cells expressing CD69 in study subjects infected with seasonal influenza strains. Vaccination led to increased levels of CD25+ NK cell