converging currents in climate-relevant conservation water, infrastructure, and institutions收敛趋势climate-relevant保护水、基础设施和机构.pdfVIP

Perspective Converging Currents in Climate-Relevant Conservation: Water, Infrastructure, and Institutions 1 2 2 John H. Matthews *, Bart A.J. Wickel , Sarah Freeman 1 Global Initiatives Division, Conservation International, Arlington, Virginia, United States of America, 2 Conservation Science Program, World Wildlife Fund, Washington, D.C., United States of America During a 2008 panel for the Intergov- ening the ecological damage already BP in eastern China [12]. Some still- ernmental Panel on Climate Change’s incurred. operational dams in Yemen and Turkey launch of a report on water and climate The difficulty of determining future date back more than 2,000 years. More [1], a hydrologist and an engineer called hydrological conditions based on past than 40,000 large dams exist in the United for additional monitoring and research to records of climate and hydrologic regimes States alone, most built between 1950 and detect and attribute the effects of anthro- has been the ‘‘death of stationarity’’ [7], 1970 [13]. The rise of China, India, and pogenic climate change. The third mem- which refers to the assumption that future Brazil marks a new ‘‘golden era’’ of rapid ber of the panel, a frustrated World Bank climate conditions have ‘‘predictable un- water infrastructure development [14]. infrastructure lender, declared in response, certainty’’; that is, the frequency and Economic development for many govern- ‘‘I can’t wait thirty years for precise severity of flood or drought events can ments ha