distinct clones of yersinia pestis caused the black death不同的鼠疫杆菌克隆黑死病造成的.pdfVIP

Distinct Clones of Yersinia pestis Caused the Black Death 1 2,3 3,4 5 6 Stephanie Haensch , Raffaella Bianucci , Michel Signoli , Minoarisoa Rajerison , Michael Schultz , 7,8 9 10,11,12 13 14 Sacha Kacki , Marco Vermunt , Darlene A. Weston , Derek Hurst , Mark Achtman , Elisabeth 15 1 Carniel , Barbara Bramanti * 1 Institute for Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany, 2 Laboratory of Criminalistic Sciences Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Legal ´ ´ Medicine, University of Turin, Turin, Italy, 3 Unite d’Anthropologie Bioculturelle, Faculte de Medecine, University of Mediterranean-CNRS-EFS, Marseille, France, 4 Centre ´ ´ ´ ˆ d’Etudes Prehistoire, Antiquite, Moyen-age, UMR 6130 CNRS–250 University of Nice, Valbonne, France, 5 Center for Plague, Institute Pasteur de Madagascar, World Health ¨ Organization Collaborating, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 6 Department of Anatomy and Embryology Medical Faculty, Georg-August University, Gottingen, Germany, ´ ´ 7 Inrap, Villeneuve-d’Ascq Archaeological Center, Villen