education and risk of cancer in a large cohort of men and women in the united states教育和患癌症的风险在一个大的男性和女性在美国.pdfVIP

Education and Risk of Cancer in a Large Cohort of Men and Women in the United States 1 2,3 4 5 5 Traci Mouw , Annemarie Koster , Margaret E. Wright , Madeleine M. Blank , Steven C. Moore , Albert 6 5 Hollenbeck , Arthur Schatzkin * 1 Division of Epidemiology, Public Health Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, 2 Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography, and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 3 Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 4 Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, 5 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America, 6 AARP, Washington, D. C., United States of America Abstract Background: Education inequalities in cancer incidence have long been noted. It is not clear, however, whether such inequalities persist in the United States, especially for less common malignancies and after adjustment for individual risk factors. Methodology/Principal Findings: Within the NIH–AARP Diet and Health Study, we examined the association between education and the risk of developing cancers in a prospective cohort of 498 455 participants who were 50–71 year old and without cancer at enrollment in 1995/96. During a maximum 8.2 years of follow–up we identified 40 443 cancers in men and 18 367 in women. In age-adjusted models, the least educated men (,high school), compared to those with the most