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g protein activation without a gef in the plant kingdomg蛋白激活没有gef植物王国
G Protein Activation without a GEF in the Plant Kingdom
1. 2. 3 1 1
Daisuke Urano , Janice C. Jones , Hao Wang , Melissa Matthews , William Bradford ,
Jeffrey L. Bennetzen3, Alan M. Jones1,4*
1 Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, 2 Department of Biochemistry and
Biophysics, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, 3 Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens,
Georgia, United States of America, 4 Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
Abstract
Animal heterotrimeric G proteins are activated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEF), typically seven
transmembrane receptors that trigger GDP release and subsequent GTP binding. In contrast, the Arabidopsis thaliana G
protein (AtGPA1) rapidly activates itself without a GEF and is instead regulated by a seven transmembrane Regulator of G
protein Signaling (7TM-RGS) protein that promotes GTP hydrolysis to reset the inactive (GDP-bound) state. It is not known if
this unusual activation is a major and constraining part of the evolutionary history of G signaling in eukaryotes. In particular,
it is not known if this is an ancestral form or if this mechanism is maintained, and therefore constrained, within the plant
kingdom. To determine if this mode of signal regulation is conserved throughout the plant kingdom, we analyzed available
plant genomes for G protein signaling components, and we purified individually the plant components encoded in an
informative set
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