non-hemagglutinating flaviviruses molecular mechanisms for the emergence of new strains via adaptation to european ticksnon-hemagglutinating黄病毒分子机制新菌株的出现通过适应欧洲的蜱虫.pdfVIP

Non-Hemagglutinating Flaviviruses: Molecular Mechanisms for the Emergence of New Strains via Adaptation to European Ticks 1,5 2 3 3 Maxim A. Khasnatinov , Katarina Ustanikova , Tatiana V. Frolova , Vanda V. Pogodina , Nadezshda G. 3 3 4 4 4 2,6 Bochkova , Ludmila S. Levina , Mirko Slovak , Maria Kazimirova , Milan Labuda , Boris Klempa , Elena 2 7,8 1 Eleckova , Ernest A. Gould , Tamara S. Gritsun * 1The University of Reading, School of Biological Sciences, Whitenights, Reading, United Kingdom, 2 Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 3 Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kiev Shosse, Moscow, Russia, 4 Institute of Zoology Slovak Academy of ´ Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia, 5 Institute of epidemiology and microbiology SC FHHR SD RAMS, Irkutsk, Russia, 6 Institute of Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus, Charite School ´ ´ ´ of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, 7 Unite des Virus Emergents, Faculte de Medecine Timone, Marseille, France, 8 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom Abstract Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes human epidemics across Eurasia. Clinical manifestations range from inapparent infections and fevers to fatal encepha