oligonucleotide primers for targeted amplification of single-copy nuclear genes in apocritan hymenoptera寡核苷酸引物为目标放大单份的核基因apocritan膜翅目昆虫.pdfVIP

Oligonucleotide Primers for Targeted Amplification of Single-Copy Nuclear Genes in Apocritan Hymenoptera 1,2. 3. 4 1 1 1 Gerrit Hartig , Ralph S. Peters , Janus Borner , Claudia Etzbauer , Bernhard Misof , Oliver Niehuis * ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ 1 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Zentrum fur Molekulare Biodiversitatsforschung, Bonn, Germany, 2 Universitat Munster, Institut fur Bioinformatik, ¨ ¨ Munster, Germany, 3 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Abteilung Arthropoda, Bonn, Germany, 4 Universitat Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, Germany Abstract Background: Published nucleotide sequence data from the mega-diverse insect order Hymenoptera (sawflies, bees, wasps, and ants) are taxonomically scattered and still inadequate for reconstructing a well-supported phylogenetic tree for the order. The analysis of comprehensive multiple gene data sets obtained via targeted PCR could provide a cost-effective solution to this problem. However, oligonucleotide primers for PCR amplification of nuclear genes across a wide range of hymenopteran species are still scarce. Findings: Here we present a suite of degenerate oligonucleotide primer pairs for PCR amplification of 154 single-copy nuclear protein-coding genes from Hymenoptera. These primers were inferred from genome sequence data from nine Hymenoptera (seven species of ants, the honeybee, and the parasitoid was