ripples make waves binding structured activity and plasticity in hippocampal networks涟漪兴风作浪绑定在海马网络结构化活动和可塑性.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Neural Plasticity Volume 2011, Article ID 960389, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2011/960389 Review Article Ripples Make Waves: Binding Structured Activity and Plasticity in Hippocampal Networks Josef H. L. P. Sadowski, Matthew W. Jones, and Jack R. Mellor MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, School of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK Correspondence should be addressed to Josef H. L. P. Sadowski, josef.sadowski@bristol.ac.uk Received 15 April 2011; Revised 14 June 2011; Accepted 23 June 2011 Academic Editor: Christian Leibold Copyright © 2011 Josef H. L. P. Sadowski et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Establishing novel episodic memories and stable spatial representations depends on an exquisitely choreographed, multistage process involving the online encoding and offline consolidation of sensory information, a process that is largely dependent on the hippocampus. Each step is influenced by distinct neural network states that influence the pattern of activation across cellular assemblies. In recent years, the occurrence of hippocampal sharp wave ripple (SWR) oscillations has emerged as a potentially vital network phenomenon mediating the steps between encoding and consolidation, both at a cellular and network level by promoting the rapid replay and reactivation of recent activity patterns. Such events facilitate memory formation by optimising the conditions for synaptic plasticity to occur between contingent neural elements. In this paper, we explore the ways in which SWRs and other network events can brid