screening for microalbuminuria in hiv-positive children in enugu在感染艾滋病病毒的儿童筛查微蛋白尿埃努古.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Nephrology Volume 2012, Article ID 805834, 5 pages doi:10.1155/2012/805834 Clinical Study Screening for Microalbuminuria in HIV-Positive Children in Enugu Ezeonwu Bertilla Uzoma, Okafor Henrietta Uchenna, Ikefuna Anthony Nnaemeka, and Oguonu Tagbo Department of Paediatrics, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Ituku Ozalla, Enugu 400001, Nigeria Correspondence should be addressed to Ezeonwu Bertilla Uzoma, uzovin@ Received 27 February 2012; Revised 24 April 2012; Accepted 22 May 2012 Academic Editor: Michael J. Ross Copyright © 2012 Ezeonwu Bertilla Uzoma et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Human immunodeficiency virus associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a rapidly progressive chronic renal parenchymal disease that occurs in HIV-infected individuals and manifests commonly as proteinuria, which is preceded by microalbuminuria (MA). This clinical entity is defined as a spot urine albumin of 20–200 mg/L. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in HIV positive children in UNTH, Enugu and compare it with that of HIV-negative children. Methods. A total of 154 HIV positive children aged 18 months to 14 years and 154 HIV-negative children of corresponding attributes were screened for microalbuminuria, using Micral test II strip which has a sensitivity of 90–99%. Results. No child among the groups (HIV positive and negative) had microalbuminuria. Majority (96.0%) of HIV-positive children had nonadvanced HIV disease at the time of the study (P = 0.00). About 77.3%