18.1 Raman Scattering Purdue University（18.1普渡大学拉曼散射）.pdfVIP

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18.1 Raman Scattering Purdue University（18.1普渡大学拉曼散射）.pdf

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18.1 Raman Scattering Purdue University（18.1普渡大学拉曼散射）

18.1 Raman Scattering • an energy level diagram shows four types of scattering processes • Rayleigh scatter is due to microscopic refractive index changes, while Raman scatter is due to time-dependent changes in polarizability • scattering cross-sections are used to compare signal strengths from Rayleigh, Raman and fluorescence • several Raman spectra are examined that show interesting features 18.1 : 1/12 Energy Level Diagram for Scattering S * The two horizontal dashed lines are called 1 virtual energy levels. They are called virtual resonance because it does not correspond to any Raman quantum state of the molecule. The energy of a virtual transition is equal to the energy of the photon. The scatter photon appears Rayleigh within 10-15 seconds of excitation. Raman anti- Stokes There are two general classes of scattering Raman events - elastic and inelastic. Elastic scatter, v = 2 such as Rayleigh, emits the same energy (or v = 1 S v = 0 wavelength) photon as the exciting photon. 0 Inelastic scatter, such as Raman, absorbs sufficient energy to promote a rotational or vibrational transition. The remaining energy