EULER’S FORMULA FOR COMPLEX EXPONENTIALS（复指数的欧拉公式）.pdfVIP

EULER’S FORMULA FOR COMPLEX EXPONENTIALS According to Euler, we should regard the complex exponential as related to the trigonometric functions and via the following inspired definition: (1) The justification of this notation is based on the formal derivative of both sides, namely along with the initial value of 1 for both sides at , assuming holds for complex values too. The motivation for looking at this combination comes from the link between point in the plane with coordinates and complex numbers formed by the relation , since becomes the combination , which suggests that the combination may be interesting to look at (unit circle has ). This turns out to be a very important unification and simplification of many results in both trigonometry and calculus, in which the formula leads us to correct manip- ulations. As well, people use it in algebra and also in signal processing. This is illustrated first for some trig identities and then some differentiation and integration results which are otherwise hard to compute. 1. An Amusing Equation: From Euler’s formula with angle , it follows that the equation: (2) which involves five interesting math values in one short equation. 2. Trig Identities: The notation suggests that the following formula ought to hold: (3) which converts to the addition laws for cos and sin in components: This codifies the addition laws in trig in a way you can al