第十三章 心血管系统疾病（The thirteenth chapter is cardiovascular disease）.docVIP

第十三章 心血管系统疾病（The thirteenth chapter is cardiovascular disease） The thirteenth chapter is cardiovascular disease Section 1 normal physiological anatomy of the cardiovascular system First, the embryonic development of the heart Two vascular tubular structures of early embryonic 22 days from embryonic ventral on both sides of the original base formed by fusion to the midline in the embryonic axis on both sides, the formation of the primitive heart tube. The gestational age of 22 to 24 days, in a series of gene regulation, from the beginning to the end, the formation of artery and heart ventricle, ball, atrial and sinus heart tube structure, at the same time reversed, ball to the right tail side, the heart tube gradually distorted rotation, expansion and rapid ventricular dilatation, therefore gradually to the ventral prominent, so that the heart from the ball, the original in the heart tube before and after the ends of the main artery and venous sinus is located in the heart of the front. The flow of the heart and the drainage ducts are juxtaposed at one end, and the four sets of valve rings are joined together to form a fibrous scaffold. At embryonic day 29, heart shape is basically formed, but the heart is still single pipe by Liuren venous sinus blood from the artery outflow. The real and the earliest is divided into the back of the atrioventricular junction and ventral long endocardial cushion, dorsal endocardial cushion and ventral endocardial cushion fusion become separated structure in the middle, the atrioventricular separated. The atrium the points around started from the third weekend, in the atrium before the back of a sickle across to the lower edge of the first septum, concentric intimal cushion growth, temporarily not long when leaving the room first hole hole. Before the opening of the first chamber, another hole is formed at the upper part of the first compartment, which is called the second hole so that the left and right atria remain interlinked. Fro