系统解剖学—腹膜（Systemic anatomy peritoneum）.docVIP

系统解剖学—腹膜（Systemic anatomy peritoneum） Tenth chapter peritoneum I. overview Peritoneal (peritoneum) is a thin and smooth serosa covered with mesothelial and a small amount of connective tissue, covering the abdomen, pelvic wall and abdominal and pelvic organs. The peritoneum lining the abdominal wall and pelvic wall is called the wall peritoneum (parietal peritoneum), and the peritoneum, which is covered by the wall peritoneum and folds over the abdominal and pelvic viscera, is called the visceral peritoneum. The wall peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum continue and migrate together to form an irregular potential lacuna called the peritonea1 cavity. The male peritoneal cavity is a closed cavity, while the female peritoneal cavity uses the fallopian tube and the abdominal cavity to communicate with the outside through the fallopian tube, uterus and vagina. The wall peritoneum is thick and there is a loose connective tissue between the abdominal wall and the pelvic wall, which is called extraperitoneal (tissue). There is more fat in the peritoneum of the posterior abdominal wall and the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall, and it is also called extraperitoneal fat in clinic. The visceral peritoneum is close to the surface of the viscera and can be regarded as a part of the organs, such as the visceral peritoneum of the stomach and intestinal wall, which is the outer membrane of the organ. The peritoneum and the abdominal cavity are two different and related concepts in anatomy. Cavity (abdominal) refers to the cavity above the pelvic floor, between the anterior abdominal wall and the posterior abdominal wall. The pelvic cavity surrounded by the pelvic floor above the pelvic diaphragm, the anterior abdominal wall and the posterior abdominal wall is the pelvic cavity. The cavity (peritoneal) refers to the latent lacuna between the visceral peritoneum and the wall peritoneum, with only a small amount of serous fluid in the cavity. In fact, the peritoneal cavity i