肿瘤标记物（Tumor marker）.docVIP

肿瘤标记物（Tumor marker） Significance of tumor markers 1. alpha fetoprotein (AFP) AFP is the most sensitive and specific index for the early diagnosis of primary liver cancer. It is suitable for mass screening. If the AFP value of adult blood is increased, it indicates the possibility of liver cancer. The increase of AFP content generally suggests that AFP increases in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 70~95%, the higher the AFP content is in the later stage, but the negative does not exclude primary liver cancer. The level of AFP reflects the tumor size to a certain extent, and its dynamic change is related to the condition of the disease. It is a sensitive index to show the therapeutic effect and prognosis. People with abnormally high AFP values generally suggest a poor prognosis, and increased levels indicate a worsening of the disease. Usually, two months after the operation, the AFP value should be below 20ng/ml. If the amount of the tumor is not increased or decreased, it may indicate that the resection is incomplete or the possibility of recurrence or metastasis is possible. In metastatic HCC, the AFP value is generally below 350-400ng/ml. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the gonads of embryonal carcinoma, Ovarian Endodermal sinus carcinoma AFP will increase obviously. Moderate elevations in AFP are also common in alcoholic cirrhosis, acute hepatitis, and HBsAg carriers. Some gastrointestinal cancers also show elevated AFP. Elevated maternal serum or amniotic fluid AFP suggests fetal spina bifida, absence of brain disease, esophageal atresia or multiple birth, and decreased AFP (combined with maternal age) suggests that the unborn child is at risk of Down s syndrome. Normal reference value: 0~15 ng/ml 2. carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) CEA is difficult to detect in normal adult blood. CEA is an important tumor associated antigen, 70-90% colon cancer patients with CEA highly positive, in other malignant tumors in order for the positive rate