骨科shakjfek（骨科shakjfek）.docVIP

骨科shakjfek（骨科shakjfek） Bone science (8 questions per year) Shichongli Fracture of 18 bone tumor pain. 12 neck pain around 8 N damage 5 Tuberculosis of bone and joint 4 First, the definition of fracture: The continuity and integrity of the bone and trabecular bone were interrupted. Direct violence - indirect violence - muscle tension - cumulative external force - traumatic fractures Bone disease (OI), pathological fracture Two. Classification of fractures A. open, closed, B. complete, incomplete, C. stability, instability D. forms: transverse, oblique, spiral, crushing, intercalation, light etc.. Three 、 clinical management: Whole body: shock, body temperature (fever) Local: A: proprietary deformity, abnormal activities, bone fricative or bone rubbing, B: the pain and tenderness, swelling and ecchymosis, dysfunction Four, fracture healing (1) healing process A, hematoma stage of evolution: membrane internalization, bone and endochondral bone Fracture - hematoma - blood coagulation - local chemical reaction - granulation tissue formation - fibrous tissue (need March); bone deep layer of the inner membrane; osteogenesis; cell hyperplasia; second weeks after the formation of bone like tissue. B, primary callus formation membrane (1) the ossification of bone, bone like tissue, cell hyperplasia, calcification and ossification are the process of fracture healing (2) the ossification of the outer membrane is earlier than the ossification of the inner membrane, the outer periosteum, the outer bone callus, and the inner periosteum and the internal callus (3) the ossification of bone and endochondral bone adjacent to the membrane, the adjacent parts of the bone intersect, unite, calcification, ossification and gradually heal, the formation of new bone. C bone callus remodeling molding adult 2 to 4 years, 2 years of children, stress line callus strengthening, non stress line callus removal, the original bone callus gradually formed permanent callus, bone marrow cavity recanaliz