高中化学工业制法与方程式（Law and equation of chemical industry in Senior High School）.docVIP

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高中化学工业制法与方程式（Law and equation of chemical industry in Senior High School）.doc

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高中化学工业制法与方程式（Law and equation of chemical industry in Senior High School）

高中化学工业制法与方程式（Law and equation of chemical industry in Senior High School） 1 chlorine gas Principle of preparation -- oxidation of oxygenated compounds by strong oxidants Preparation of MnO2+4HCl (concentrated) equation, MnCl2+Cl2 = +2H2O Device -- split funnel, round bottom flask, heated Blue litmus test: can make the first wet red fading; In addition to impurities - first access to saturated salt water (except HCl), and then into the dense H2SO4 (except water vapor) Collection - row of saturated salt water or upward exhaust Exhaust gas recovery - Cl2+2NaOH=== NaCl+NaClO+H2O 2 ammonia Principle of preparation -- double decomposition of solid ammonium salt and solid alkali The preparation of Ca (OH) equation, 2+2NH4ClCaCl2+NH3 = +2H2O A large test tube with a slightly downward tilt; heated The red litmus test of wet blue, Remove impurities - pass in alkali lime (except water vapor) Collection - downward exhaust method 3 sodas Soda is a transliteration of Soda. The chemical formula is Na2CO3. A lot of its name, name name in addition to sodium carbonate, called soda, also known as soda or soda. Hydrated sodium carbonate with crystalline water has three kinds: sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, H2O), seven sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, 7H2O), and ten sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, 10H2O). Ten sodium carbonate, also known as washing soda, washing soda or crystal base. Anhydrous sodium carbonate is white powder or fine particle, soluble in water, and water solution is alkaline. It has strong moisture absorption, can absorb moisture and caked in the air. Ten sodium carbonate is a colorless crystal, placed in the air at room temperature, will lose crystalline water, and become a sodium carbonate. Whether the water is ten sodium carbonate or a sodium carbonate, the heating will turn into anhydrous sodium carbonate. Sodium carbonate is very stable and can not be easily decomposed by heat. Acid emits carbon dioxide: The increase of Na2CO3+2HCl====2NaCl+H2O+CO2 The sodium carbonate solution also