新邮政法对中国快递业的影响2.doc

摘 要 历经将近十年的争议，新邮政法终于在 2009 年正式颁布并实施，然而新法的实施却引来业内更加激烈的争议。支持者认为，只有依靠邮政法对邮政企业专营权进行明确，邮政企业的专营权才能真正得到落实，邮政企业经营特快专递业务才更有优势，这样才能保障其提供的普遍服务得以实施。而反对方则认为，邮政专营权是一种行政垄断，体现的是一种不公平的市场竞争，它将有损于社会福利和消费者权利，甚至将阻碍中国邮递市场的长期发展。而普遍服务是邮政企业的一项义务，不应该与邮政企业的竞争性业务混为一谈，更不能作为邮政企业垄断经营快递业务的借口。 在这一形势下，已于 2009 年提交审批并计划于当年年底前实施的《邮政专 》 ）也搁浅了。在《规定》中曾明确营范围管理规定（草案）（以下简称《规定》提到专营范围“异地 100 克，同城 50 克”，正是这个重量段范围限制触动了利益相关方的敏感神经，一旦这一范围确定，对于我国市场上数以千计的民营快递企业的打击将是致命的。 本文将从邮政业务分析入手，分析整个邮递市场的发展和竞争状况，然后对业界普遍关注的邮政专营和普遍服务进行介绍。回顾历史上邮政改革成功的国家处理邮政专营与普遍服务的经验，在分析中国快递市场的竞争现状后，引用经济学模型更深层次的剖析邮政专营在我国现阶段是行不通的。关键词：邮政专营权，普遍服务，民营快递企业 v AbstractAfter nearly a decade of controversy the new Postal Law was finally announced andimplemented in 2009. However the debate on the liberalization of the postal sector inthe Chinese postal market continues to be a topic of much discussion. Supportersargue that the new postal law will help the postal and delivery sector avoidcompetition from private companies to some extent EMS will have a monopoly andthen get the advantage of being able to protect operation of the universal service. Theopposition parties argued that the franchised service in the postal sector is anadministrative monopoly embodies unfair competition it will undermine socialwelfare and consumers’ rights and even hinder the long-term development of Chinesepostal markets. The universal postal service is an obligation of the postal enterpriseand should not be confused with the postal operator’s competitive business. To agreater extent it shouldnt be used as an excuse to monopolize the Express Postalservice.In this situation the quotFranchised Service of Postal Regulations Draftquotwhich shouldhave been submitted for approval and implemented before the end of last year wasalso postponed. In the quotRegulations Draftquot the monopoly limits are stated as quotup to100g between different cities and up to 50g in the same cityquot. It’s sensitive and fataldecision affecting thousands of private express delivery companies.By listing the posta