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The 8051 Microcontroller New Age International(8051单片机新时代国际)
Chapter 1
The 8051 Microcontroller
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The microcontroller incorporates all the features that are found in microprocessor.
The microcontroller has built in ROM, RAM, Input Output ports, Serial Port,
timers, interrupts and clock circuit. A microcontroller is an entire computer
manufactured on a single chip. Microcontrollers are usually dedicated devices
embedded within an application. For example, microcontrollers are used as engine
controllers in automobiles and as exposure and focus controllers in cameras. In
order to serve these applications, they have a high concentration of on-chip facilities
such as serial ports, parallel input output ports, timers, counters, interrupt control,
analog-to-digital converters, random access memory, read only memory, etc. The
I/O, memory, and on-chip peripherals of a microcontroller are selected depending
on the specifics of the target application. Since microcontrollers are powerful
digital processors, the degree of control and programmability they provide
significantly enhances the effectiveness of the application. The 8051 is the first
microcontroller of the MCS-51 family introduced by Intel Corporation at the end
of the 1970s. The 8051 family with its many enhanced members enjoys the largest
market share, estimated to be about 40%, among the various microcontroller
architectures.
The microcontroller has on chip peripheral devices. In this unit firstly we
differentiate microcontroller from microprocessor then we will discuss about
Hardware details of 8051 and then introduce the Assembly level language in brief.
Microcontrollers
• Microcontroller (MC) may be called computer on chip since it has basic
features of microprocessor with internal ROM, RAM, Parallel and serial
ports
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