The Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) （注意力和人际风格(麻将)）.pdfVIP

The Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) Inventory: Measuring the Building Blocks of Performance - Once an individual has developed the knowledge base and technical skills required to be successful in a highly competitive job or sport, what is it that determines success or failure? The answer is simple, its the ability to stay focused, to concentrate on task relevant cues. Nothing is more basic to performance, or more critical to success, than the ability to concentrate. The Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS) inventory is a tool that measures basic concentration skills. To be successful, people need to be able to shift their focus of concentration along two intersecting dimensions, width, and direc- tion. When they can make those shifts in response to the changing demands of performance situations, they can do it all. Figure 1 shows the four basic concentration styles people need to be able to shift between. A broad external focus of concentration is the style used for awareness and sensitivity to surroundings. A master of the martial arts needs this focus to be ready to respond to an attack from any direction. A good salesperson uses this focus to be sensitive to a customers reactions. A broad internal focus of concentration is used to strategize and to creatively problem solve. A coach uses it to make adjust- ments in a game, a manager uses it to develop strategic goals and objectives for his division or for the company. A narrow internal focus of concentration is used to create a logical set of systems and/or procedures. A diver uses this style of concentration to mentally rehearse his performance. Mangers use it to create a set of rules or steps that lead to the accomplish- ment of a production goal or corporate objective. A narrow external focus of concentration is used to execute, to get the job done. This is the type of concentration used to catch or hit