The dynamics of deterrence The University of （大学的威慑的动力）.pdfVIP

The dynamics of deterrence Mark Kleimana,1 and Beau Kilmerb aDepartment of Public Policy, University of California, 3250 Public Affairs Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656; and bDrug Policy Research Center, RAND, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138 Communicated by Thomas C. Schelling, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD, June 15, 2009 (received for review September 7, 2007) Because punishment is scarce, costly, and painful, optimal enforce- absolute number (not just the rate) of detected violations de- ment strategies w