The Forgotten History of AfghanistanPakistan （被遗忘的AfghanistanPakistan的历史）.pdf

The Forgotten History of Afghanistan-Pakistan Relations by Daveed Gartenstein-Ross and Tara Vassefi Pakistan’s historical and contemporary support for jihadi groups has caused US policy prescriptions over the past decade to focus prominently on the need to change Pakistan’s strategic orientation. In this article, the authors explore one aspect of Pakistan’s strategic calculations that has received insufficient attention in public debate: the degree to which Afghanistan’s aggressions against Pakistan have helped to shape the latter’s support for religious militant groups. Lately there have been intense strains in the relationship between the United States and Pakistan. As one commentator put it at the end of 2011, the year was “an annus horribilis for Pakistani-US relations, beginning in January with the Raymond Davis affair, the dispute over the elevated US drone attacks on Pakistani territory, the May 2 Special Forces attack on bin Laden’s compound at Abbottabad in central Pakistan, the September attacks by a Pakistani-linked terrorist group against the US Embassy in Kabul, and finally the November 26 cross-border clash in which NATO forces killed 1 two dozen Pakistani soldiers.” Meanwhile, US officials have become more strident in their criticisms that Pakistan’s military intelligence agency (the Inter-Services Intelligence agency, or ISI) supports Islamic militant groups in Afghanistan. In late September 2011, for example, Admiral Mike Mullen, then-chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, argued that the ISI had “played a direct role” in the aforementioned 2 attack that Afghan insurgents launched against the American emb