The Nature and Importance of Innovation（创新的本质和重要性）.pdfVIP

Copyrighted Material 1 The Nature and Importance of Innovation 1.1 Introduction This chapter begins by defining what economists mean by innovation. Economists have focused on two main types: product and process. A product innovation is the act of bringing something new to the market place that improves the range and quality of products on offer: for exam­ ple, the Apple iPod is an innovation compared with the Sony Walkman, which was an earlier portable de