The Nickel Advantage in Duplex Stainless Steels（双相不锈钢中镍的优势）.pdf

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The Nickel Advantage in Duplex Stainless Steels（双相不锈钢中镍的优势）.pdf

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The Nickel Advantage in Duplex Stainless Steels（双相不锈钢中镍的优势）

11/29/2009 The Nickel Advantage in Duplex Stainless Steels Peter Cutler (Nickel Institute) and Gary Coates (Consultant to the Nickel Institute) Taiyuan, China 25 November 2009 Outline • Influence of nickel on structure and transformation. • Recent developments • Implications for welding • Implications for design • Applications Nickel Institute 2 1 11/29/2009 Why duplex stainless steels are used • Duplex grades are ~ 1% of stainless steel production • A lot of work has gone into their development and they are well-characterised • Used because of the combination of: – Corrosion resistance - including to stress corrosion cracking – Mechanical properties - particularly strength – Fabricability – Economical overall Nickel Institute 3 Nickel • A costly alloying element • A deliberate alloying element in almost all commercial duplex stainless steels • What benefits does it bring? Nickel Institute 4 2 11/29/2009 Schaeffler diagram (Charles) Structure of s