白化喜马拉雅旱獭体外寄生虫调查与控制-中国试验动物学报.docVIP

喜马拉雅旱獭的人工繁育技术的研究 刘海青，范微，张静宵，刘巴睿，张发荣 （青海省地方病预防控制所，西宁 811602） [] 目的对野生来源喜马拉雅旱獭的繁殖性能及仔獭的哺育方法进行研究，探索经济实用、规模化的繁殖方法，取代以往从野外获取试验用旱獭的方式。方法 提供适合的饲养环境和条件，由母喜马拉雅旱獭自然哺育新生喜马拉雅旱獭，统计怀孕率、产仔数、成活率、观察仔獭生长情况。结果 建立了56对旱獭繁殖群，成功离乳92只 F1 代旱獭，自然繁殖成活率为90.76% 。目前已建立野生来源喜马拉雅旱獭繁殖群50对，F1代繁殖群20对，为建立达到标准要求的喜马拉雅旱獭种群奠定了基础。结论 该方法的喜马拉雅旱獭繁殖率和成活率较高，成本低且操作简单，为喜马拉雅旱獭实验动物化奠定了基础。 关键词：喜马拉雅旱獭；规模化繁殖；自然哺育 Scale Breeding and the Establishment of Breeding Population of Marmota himalayana LLU Hai-qing，ZHANG Jing-xiao，LIU Ba-rui，ZHANG Fa-rong，JIA Luo，TAO Yuan-qing (Qinghai Institute for Endemic Disease Prevention and ControlXining，811602，China) [Abstract] Objective To observate the reproductive features of wide original Marmota himalayana,and explore an optimum method that is economical, practical and on a large scale to raising Marmota himalayana baby. Methods Provided suitable environment and conditions for feeding and management，entirely artificial feeding and care by mother． More data were collected and statistics from the pregnancy rate，each litter size，survival rate and observation the growth of young Marmota himalayana. Results In 2010，92 Marmota himalayana offspring（F1 generation） have been successfully weaned from 56 couples and the survival rate of natural reproduction was 90.8 percent.Now breeding population had been established with 50 couples of wild original Marmota himalayana and 20 couples of F1 generation，which have laid the foundation for reaching standard requirements. Conclusion This method was one of higher reproductive and survival rate，low cost and simple to operate， it should be promoted to scale produce the Marmota himalayana as laboratory animals． Key words: Marmota himalayana; scale breeding; nature breeding Marmota himalayana）属啮齿目（Rodentia）松鼠科（Sciuridae）旱獭属（Marmota）的大型地栖性啮齿动物，为青藏高原特有种，是我国哺乳动物资源开发利用的重点对象之一。喜马拉雅旱獭作为我国特有的生物资源，在人类乙型肝炎（乙肝）、艾滋病、心血管疾病、肥胖、肿瘤、烈性传染病（如鼠疫）发病机理研究以及相关药理学、毒理学评价、化妆品制造等诸多领域具有广泛的应用前景[1-3]。将其培育为新型的具有知识产权的实验动物新品种，对带动我国生物医药、重大传染病防控和疫苗研发具有重要意义