土壤Ba-应用与环境生物学报.DOC

土壤B[a]P多次叠加污染的生物有效性及对蚯蚓体腔细胞染色体和溶酶体的毒性效应* 张伟1，郑彬1，马静静1，葛高飞2，檀华蓉2，郜红建1** 1安徽农业大学资源与环境学院 合肥 230036 2安徽农业大学生物技术中心 合肥 230036 摘要 Benzo（a）pyrene（B[a]P）作为典型具有“三致”效应的持久性有机污染物，在土壤中逐步累积，对土壤生态安全造成潜在威胁。通过一次与多次污染的方法，研究B[a]P在土壤中的有效性特征及其对蚯蚓（Eisenia fetida） 体腔细胞染色体畸变及溶酶体膜完整性的毒性效应。结果表明：随着土壤中B[a]P培养时间的延长，土壤中B[a]P 含量及蚯蚓体内B[a]P富集量、蚯蚓体腔细胞微核变率均呈现初期下降速率较快（28 d），尔后下降速率减小（28-56 d）的趋势；而蚯蚓体腔细胞中性红保留时间（NRRT） 升高速率呈先快后慢的趋势。土壤中B[a]P的Tenax法提取含量与蚯蚓体内B[a]P富集量呈极显著正相关（R2=8614，P0.01）；蚯蚓体腔细胞NRRT和微核变率分别与土壤中B[a]P的Tenax法提取含量与蚯蚓体内B[a]P富集量呈显著正相关（P0.05）。相同培养时间内，多次叠加污染土壤中B[a]P的Tenax提取含量和蚯蚓富集量显著低于一次污染26.00%（P0.05），蚯蚓体腔细胞NRRT平均比一次污染高13.00%（P0.05）；体腔细胞微核率比一次污染低36.10%（P0.05）。这表明土壤B[a]P多次叠加污染对蚯蚓的毒性效应低于一次污染。研究结果为土壤PAHs类污染物的生态毒性效应评价提供理论基础。 关键词 B[a]P；叠加污染；Tenax提取；溶酶体膜；微核变率 Influence of multiple-time addition of Benzo(a)pyrene in soil on its bioavailability characteristics and toxic effect of lysosomes and chromosomes of coelomocytes in earthworms ZHANG Wei1, ZHENG Bin1, MA Jingjing1, GE Gaofei2, TAN Huarong2, GAO Hongjian1 1.School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; 2.Biotechnology center of AnhuiAgriculturalUniversity, Hefei 230036, China Abstract Objectives: In order to understand B[a]P bioavailability in soil and accumulation in earthworms ,it is necessary to study B[a]P fate in soil and its toxic effect on earthworms .In this paper the effects of multiple-time addition and one-time addition of B[a]P in soil on its availability and the neutral red retention time (NRRT) as well as the micronucleus rates in earthworm coelomocytes were investigated . Methods: By using multiple-time and one-time addition method ,theexposure experiments with different aging times of B[a]P (1 ,7 ,14 ,28 , and56 days) were conducted to analyze the contents of B[a]P in soil by chemical solvent (accelerated solvent extraction ,ASE) and Tenax-TA extractive methods .Earthworms were exposed to soils with different aging time of B[a]P .After the exposure for 7 days ,earthworms were collected for