材料力学双语教学学习资料1.docVIP

材料力学双语教学学习资料1 主讲教师：陈晓峰 第一章 绪 论 Chapter 1 Introduction §1-1 材料力学的任务 The Tasks of Mechanics of Materials 1＊. 材料力学: Mechanics of Materials 2. 构件: Structural Members 3. 变形: Deformation 4＊. 强度: Strength 5＊. 刚度: Rigidity 6＊. 稳定性: Stability §1-2 变形固体的基本假设 Fundamental Assumptions of Solid Deformation Bodies 1. 连续性假设: Continuity 2. 均匀性假设: Homogeneity 3. 各向同性假设: Isotropy §1.3 外力及其分类External Forces and Classification 1. 分布力: Distributed Force 2. 集中力: Point Force 3. 静载荷: Static Load 4. 动载荷: Dynamic Load §1.4 内力、截面法和应力的概念Concepts of Internal Forces， Method of Section and Stress 1＊. 内力: Internal Force 2＊. 截面法: Method of Section 3. 截面法的三个步骤：截开，代替，平衡 Three steps of method of section: cut off, substitute , and equilibrium. 4＊. 应力: Stress 5. 平均应力：Average stress 6. 应力（全应力）： Whole stress（sum stress） 7＊. 正应力: Normal Stress 8＊. 剪应力(切应力)：Shearing Stress §1.5 变形与应变Deformation and Strain 线应变: Strain 剪应变: Shearing Strain §1.6 杆件变形的基本形式 Basic Types of Deformations of Rods 1＊. 拉伸或压缩: Tension or Compression 2＊. 剪切: Shear 3＊. 扭转: Torsion 4＊. 弯曲: Bending 第二章 拉伸、压缩与剪切Chapter 2 Tension，Compression and Shear §2.1 轴向拉伸与压缩的概念和实例The Concept and Examples of Axial Tension and Compression 1. 拉杆: Tensile Rod 2. 压杆: Compressive Rod 3. 受力特点：外力合力的作用线与杆轴线重合 Characteristic of the External Forces: The acting line of the resultant of external forces is coincided with the axis of the rod. 4. 变形特点：杆沿轴向伸长或缩短 Characteristic of Deformation: Rod will elongate or contract along the axis of the rod. §2.2 轴向拉伸或压缩时横截面上的 内力和应力Internal Force and Stress of Axial Tension or Compression on the Cross Section 1＊. 横截面: Cross Section 2＊. 轴力: Normal Force 3＊. 轴力图: Diagram of Normal Force §2.3 直杆轴向拉伸或压缩时斜截面上的应力Stress of Axial Tension or Compression on the Skew Section 1. 斜截面: Skew Section 2. §2.4 材料在拉伸时的力学性能Mechanical Properties of Materials with Tensile Load 1. 标准试件: Specimen 2. 低碳钢(C≤0.3%): Low Carbon Steel 3. 弹性阶段:Elastic Region 4. 屈服阶段:Yielding Stage 5. 强化阶段:Hardening Stage 6. 颈缩阶段: Necking Stage 7＊.σp---