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Religions 2011, 2, 216-246; doi:10.3390/rel2030216 OPEN ACCESS religions ISSN 2077-1444 /journal/religions Article A Systematic Review of Studies Using the Brief COPE: Religious Coping in Factor Analyses Christian U. Krägeloh AUT University, Private Bag 92006, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; E-Mail: chris.krageloh@aut.ac.nz; Tel.: +64-9-9219999 extension 7103; Fax: +64-9-9219780 Received: 23 May 2011; in revised form: 13 June 2011 / Accepted: 30 June 2011 / Published: 4 July 2011 Abstract: Religion is generally recognized as a major resource for dealing with stressful events, but its relationship with secular coping strategies continues to be debated. The present article provides a systematic review of the way in which analyses of the sub-scale turning to religion of the widely used Brief COPE [1] instrument are presented in peer-reviewed research articles, in order to investigate how the wealth of data published using this instrument can inform how religious coping relates to other coping strategies. Of the 212 identified articles that included turning to religion in their analyses, 80 combined sub-scale scores to form higher-order coping factors, 38 of which based on exploratory factor analyses of their own datasets. When factor analyses had used individual items as indicators, religious coping was more likely to load together with maladaptive coping strategies, and more likely with adaptive coping strategies when analys