仪器、探头的测试（Testing of instruments and probes）.doc

仪器、探头的测试（Testing of instruments and probes） The 3.1 section: detector 3.2 probe First, the piezoelectric effect and piezoelectric materials Some single crystals and polycrystalline ceramic materials in stress (compressive and tensile forces produced both positive and negative charges) to the concentration in the crystal produced in the electric field, this effect is called positive piezoelectric effect. On the contrary, when these single crystals and polycrystalline ceramic materials in alternating electric field, stress and strain of compression or tension, this effect is called negative piezoelectric effect, as shown in figure. Ultrasonic negative piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric effect and ultrasonic receiver is converted into electrical signals. The commonly used piezoelectric single crystal quartz silica (SiO2), also called lithium sulfate (LiS04H20), lithium iodate LiIO3), lithium niobate (LiNbO3), in addition to quartz crystal, the rest several artificial culture of complicated fabrication process and high cost. The commonly used piezoelectric ceramic barium titanate (BaTi03) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT), (PbTiO3) lead titanate, lead metaniobate (PbNb2O4) etc.. Number two, probe method The basic structure of the probe, three Type of piezoelectric ultrasonic probe is various, different uses, but their basic structure in common, as shown in figure. They are generally consists of a wafer, damping block, protective film (on the oblique probe is organic glass acoustic wedge). In addition, there must also be connected with the instrument of high frequency cable plug, bracket, shell etc.. Four, straight probe (a) protective film straight probe The piezoelectric ceramic wafer usually by the protective film to protect the wafer and direct contact with the workpiece so as not to wear. The commonly used protective film of hard and soft two. Alumina (Gang Yu), a ceramic sheet and some metals are hard protective film, they are suitable for surface finish is high,