四项急救（Four first aid）.docVIP

四项急救（Four first aid） [frequently used first aid techniques] Four basic techniques of trauma emergency treatment Hemostasis, bandaging, fixation and transportation are the four basic techniques of trauma rescue. The implementation of on-site rescue personnel to the scene of trauma, the spirit of life-saving humanitarian spirit, in the notice to the nearest hospital at the same time, to calm and quickly carry out emergency rescue work, the principle is: first grab after rescue, after the first light, after the first emergency relief, after nearly far; the first bleeding after dressing, and then fixed after handling. The type of bleeding: Blood flow from the surface of the wound, known as external bleeding, is easy to find; and deep tissue, visceral damage, bleeding, blood flowing into the tissue or internal bleeding in the body cavity, it is difficult for people to find, more dangerous. In all kinds of bleeding, arterial bleeding is most dangerous and must be promptly stopped bleeding. According to the difference of the damaged blood vessels, it can be divided into L and arterial hemorrhage. The characteristic is that the wound is jet shaped, beating and flowing out of the bright red blood. 2. Venous bleeding: the wound continues to overflow the dark red blood. 3, capillary bleeding: bleeding out of the wound bright red blood. {two) the clinical manifestations of bleeding Adult blood accounts for about 8% of body weight, blood loss more than a total of 20% of the total blood volume, wounded pale, cold sweat, cold hands and feet, shortness of breath, palpitation, shortness of breath and other symptoms, pulse fast and fine, blood pressure drops, and hemorrhagic shock. When the amount of bleeding reaches 40\% of the total blood volume, there is life risk. The hemostatic method of three 1, pressure bandage hemostasis: use sterile gauze or a clean towel or cloth folded into a slightly larger than the wound pad to cover the wound, reoccupy bandage or folded into a triangle