Peking opera京剧英文介绍.ppt

Made BY：2组 China has more than 300 forms of traditional opera, of which Peking?Opera is the most popular. Peking Opera evolved from Kunqu Opera, an even more ancient art of drama listed by UNESCO in 2001 among the first group of works representing humankind through oral history. Beijing (Peking) Opera Peking Opera developed in early 19th-century Beijing and presents singing, music, chanting, dancing and martial arts all in one stage performance. The “Four Great Anhui Troupes” 四大徽班coming to Beijing in 1790 ushered the forming of Beijing Opera. The combination of Huidiao（徽调),Kunqu(昆曲) and Qinqiang(秦腔) gradually formed Peking operas main melodies, The Beginning Period Peking opera is generally regarded as having fully formed by 1845 with the birth of the first generation of Peking opera performers. The following picture shows 13 famous performers between 1860 and 1890 Beijing opera reached maturity between 1883 and 1918. This was partly because the Empress Dowager Cixi became a regular patron of it. In this period, the leading figures are Tan Xinpei , Wang Guifen and Sun Juxian who were called ”The three post giants of Housheng”. Tan Xinpei----the leading figure Peak time Since 1917, a number of excellent performers such as Yang Xiaolou, Mei Lanfang and Yu Shuyan appeared and promoted Beijing opera to its best. Role Classification The roles of Beiiing Opera are strictly classified. There were altogether ten types of roles in the beginning , which were sheng , dan , jing , chou , mo, fu , wai, wu, za, and liu. Later, they were reclassified into four major roles, namely sheng ( male) , dan ( female) , jing ( painted face) , chou (clown). And each role was further divided. /programs/view/AQ9EFQ9lHrg/ Styles of Facial Make-up What appeals to foreigners most might be the different styles of facial make-up , which is one of the highlights of Chinese opera and requires distinctive techniques of painting. Exaggerated designs are painted on each performer’s face t