高考英语-定语从句复习专题3.docVIP

2011年高考英语定语从句复习专题3 学习目标： 1.掌握定语从句中which和that的区别 2.掌握介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法 3.掌握带有插入语的定语从句 4.掌握定语从句与强调句式的区别 知识清单 清单一．掌握定语从句中which 和 that的辨异 1.通常只能用that的情况 ①当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing，everything等时 (something后可以用which)。 ②先行词既包含人又包含物时.They talked about things and persons that they remembered。 ③先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。 ④先行词被the only,both,the very ,all ,no,little/few,much, any, every,修饰时。 ⑤先行词是疑问词who, what, which时。 Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess? 2.通常只能用which的情况 ①引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时。 ②先行词本身就是that时。 I have that which you gave me.我有你给的那个。 ③介词之后须用which. This is the one of which I’m speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。 清单二．介词+which类引导词中介词的选择方法 ①.根据从句中的动词、形容词、与介词的固定搭配而定。 He is the man on whom you can depend . The goals which he had fought for all his life no longer seemed important to him. The girl whom you work is his girlfriend. We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those with which we are familiar on land. ②.根据先行词来判断介词 所选用的介词与先行词构成固定搭配。比如：at the rate, in the direction, to the extent, to the degree,等，一般情况下此类短语在句中做状语语，通过把该介宾短语中的名词作先行词来构成定语从句的方式来考察。 a. About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased. b.When the television was first introduced, the extent to which it would affect society could not have been foreseen. ③先行词与从句中相关名词的关系。例如： By nine o’clock , all the Olympic torch bears had reached the top of the Mount Qomolangma, appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which 清单三．带有插入语的定语从句 所谓带有插入语的定语从句，即是指在有些定语从句的关系词后边往往紧跟一个“主谓结构”，但这个“主谓结构”并非从句的主谓语，而是一个表达个人观点的插入语。例句： a. He ran all the way from the station , which I thought was incredible. b.This is the woman artists said posed(使摆姿势; 以…身份出现) as a model for the painting. A. whose B. who C. which D. whom c. It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness. A. which I think was B. which I thin