内科大题（Major problems of Internal Medicine）.docVIP

内科大题（Major problems of Internal Medicine） 1. digitalis poisoning: digitalis poisoning is the most important is the performance of various types of arrhythmia, block by myocardial excitability and conduction system is too strong, the most common is the premature ventricular contraction, more performance for the two law, nonparoxysmaljunctional tachycardia, premature atrial contraction. Atrial fibrillation and atrioventricular block (what is the most common arrhythmia). Rapid arrhythmia combined with conduction block is a characteristic manifestation of digitalis intoxication. Digitalis gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, and blurred vision, xanthopsia, burnout of central nervous system performance is very rare in the application of digoxin, particularly to promote the maintenance dose of medication (not to load) since more rare. The determination of serum concentration is helpful for the diagnosis of Yu Yangs digitalis poisoning. The blood concentration of digoxin is 1 ~ 2.0ng / mL at the dose of treatment. 2. digitalis poisoning treatment: digitalis poisoning, should immediately stop the drug. Thats the key to the treatment. Solitary ventricular premature contraction and first degree atrioventricular block usually disappear spontaneously after withdrawal. In patients with rapid arrhythmia, such as low blood potassium concentration, potassium supplementation can be used, while atrioventricular block is forbidden, such as potassium is not low, lidocaine or phenytoin can be used. Electrical cardioversion for ventricular fibrillation to general disabled. There are conduction block and slow arrhythmia, can be atropine 0.5 ~ 1.0mg subcutaneous or intravenous injection, such as no hemodynamic disorders, generally do not need to install temporary cardiac pacemaker 3. acute left heart failure treatment (candidates must keep in mind, mostly for clinical analysis questions or questions and answers) 1. patients take seats, legs drooping, in order to reduce veno