冲天炉工作原理（Working principle of cupola）.docVIP

冲天炉工作原理（Working principle of cupola） Cupola first into the furnace bottom as a certain amount of coke, its height is generally in more than one meter. After the ignition, the bottom coke added to the specified height, from top to bottom tuyere coke is coke bed height. Then according to the furnace melting rate of limestone, and the charge of metal layer coke with good order in batches from the feeding port to join. Keep the charge at top of the feeding port along the whole process in the furnace. The air drum into the air in the furnace with coke bed combustion reaction occurs, the high temperature furnace gas flows up to charging heating, and the first batch of top bottom coke on the surface of molten metal charge. The melted iron drops in the fall to the hearth in the process of high temperature furnace gas and hot coke further heating, a process called overheating. With the melting of bottom coke burning and metal materials, the material layer decreased gradually. Each batch of material after melting, fueled by the additional layer of coke, the coke bed height basically unchanged, the whole process of continuous melting Cupola: the advantages of simple structure; low cost equipment; low power consumption; high production efficiency, low cost and convenient maintenance; operation; advantages and disadvantages: continuous production of liquid iron poor quality; high labor intensity; environmental pollution Electric furnace: Characteristic 1, can control the smelting temperature, to meet the needs of steel smelting; 2, the thermal efficiency is high, the atmosphere in the furnace can be controlled; 3, large quantities of phosphorus, sulfur removal of oxygen and other impurities, improve the quality of steel; 4, the chemical composition of steel alloy is easy to control, high yield and stable; 5, simple equipment, short process. Can be divided into: 1, indirect heating furnace, gradually eliminated, the working principle of the electric arc generated between the two