变量交换的几种常见方法（Several common methods of variable exchange）.docVIP

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变量交换的几种常见方法（Several common methods of variable exchange）.doc

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变量交换的几种常见方法（Several common methods of variable exchange）

变量交换的几种常见方法（Several common methods of variable exchange） A problem was discovered a few days ago: someone told me that you need to introduce third variables for variable exchange! Suppose we want to exchange the values of the A and B variables, if written Int, a=5, b=10; A=b; B=a; Then the result is two for 10, and the reason is self-evident. So you should introduce the third variable and keep the value of the a before the value of a is covered. Int, a=5, b=10, tmp; Tmp=a; A=b; B=tmp; Thus, third variables are introduced, but can we exchange variables without introducing third variables? The answer is certainly yes. First of all, we can imagine that if the value of a is covered, then there is no way to know what B should be worth, So, we want to keep the value of a, so we can put the values of a and B together, put them in a, and separate the values together, put them into B and a respectively: Int, a=5, b=10; A=a+b; //a=15; b=10 B=a-b; //a=15; b=5 A=a-b; //a=10; b=5 But it has a flaw, that run in the VC6 environment, so the size of int is 4 Bytes, so the maximum int variables stored in 2^31-1 or 2147483647, if we make the value of a is 2147483000, the value of B is 1000000000, then a and B together out of bounds. In fact, from the view of actual operation statistics, we found that two variables to be exchanged, the probability is the same number, and between them, subtraction, cross-border cases are rarely, so we can swap subtraction above, so that the probability of error reduction: Int, a=5, b=10; A-=b; //a=-5; b=10 B+=a; //a=15; b=5 A+=b; //a=10; b=5 By doing so, the values in a and B are exchanged. It looks simple on the surface, but its not easy to think about it, especially after the habit of introducing third variables. Its principle is: the A and B as the axis point to calculate the distance between two points around. The specific process: the first sentence, a-=b ab find the distance between two points, and save it in a; the second sentence b+=a to calcula