自行车原理（Bicycle principle）.docVIP

自行车原理（Bicycle principle） Bicycles are a common means of transportation in our daily life. Common bicycles, mopeds, mountain bikes, baby carriages, racing bikes and electric bicycles are common. Its structure is simple, convenient and practical, in which involves a lot of physical knowledge, including levers, wheels, friction, pressure, energy conversion and other mechanical, thermal and optical knowledge, the following specific to analyze. I. mechanical knowledge 1, friction (1) the tread of the bicycle, the handle bar, the foot pedal and the brake block are all carved with some patterns, so that the roughness of the contact surface is increased and the friction force is increased. (2) the axle often gets some lubricating oil to reduce the roughness of the contact surface to reduce the friction force. (3) all axle have ball, change sliding, friction for rolling friction, to reduce friction, easy to turn. (4) when braking, the brake is needed, in order to increase the pressure between the brake block and the rim, thereby increasing friction, (5) when the pedal pedal is pushed forward, the friction force of the rear wheel is forward, which is the power of the bicycle forward. The direction of the friction force of the front wheel is backward, which is the resistance of the bicycle forward; When the bicycle is moved forward by inertia, the friction force of the front and rear wheels is backwards, and the two forces are resistance to the advance of the bicycle. 2, the pressure side (1) in general, the floor area of a fully inflated bicycle tire is approximately S=2 * 10Cm * 5cm=100 * cm2, when an ordinary adult rides a bicycle, the pressure on the ground is about F= (500N+150N) =650N, and the pressure of the bicycle to the ground can be calculated to be 6. 5 x 104Pa. (2) add a gasket to the axle nut to increase the force area to reduce the pressure. (3) the pedal of a bicycle is made flat and flat to increase the force area so as to reduce its pressure on the foot, (4)