actinopyga lecanora hydrolysates as natural antibacterial agentsactinopyga lecanora玉米胚芽蛋白酶解物自然抗菌药物.pdfVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 16796-16811; doi:10.3390/ijms131216796 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Article Actinopyga lecanora Hydrolysates as Natural Antibacterial Agents 1 1 1 2 Raheleh Ghanbari , Afshin Ebrahimpour , Azizah Abdul-Hamid , Amin Ismail and Nazamid Saari 1,* 1 Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mails: raheleghanbari@ (R.G.); a_ebrahimpour@ (A.E.); azizah@.my (A.A.-H.) 2 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; E-Mail: amin@.my * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: nazamid@.my; Tel.: +60-389-468-385; Fax: +60-389-423-552. Received: 25 October 2012; in revised form: 31 November 2012 / Accepted: 1 December 2012 / Published: 7 December 2012 Abstract: Actinopyga lecanora , a type of sea cucumber commonly known as stone fish with relatively high protein content, was explored as raw material for bioactive peptides production. Six proteolytic enzymes, namely alcalase, papain, pepsin, trypsin, bromelain and flavourzyme were used to hydrolyze A. lecanora at different times and their respective degrees of hydrolysis (DH) were calculated. Subsequently, antibacter