多容液位控制系统的仿真研究.docVIP

摘 要 液位是工业过程生产中经常遇到的控制参数之一，对所需控制对象进行精确的液位控制，关系到产品的质量，是保障生产效果和安全的重要问题。因而，液位的控制具有重要的现实意义和广泛的应用前景。 近年来，随着控制理论的深入研究，出现了许多新的控制算法。但是，以PID为原理的各种控制器仍是过程控制中不可或缺的基本控制单元。根据多容液位系统的特点，设计合适的PID控制器对其进行液位控制，不仅成本低，而且控制效果很好，具有较高的实用价值。 本文针对多容液位系统设计了其PID控制器，并进行了仿真设计，主要完成了以下工作： 首先，采用机理法对双容和三容过程进行模型分析。掌握水箱液位控制系统的数学建模，并用MATLAB对多容水箱液位的数学模型进行仿真。接着，针对多容水箱液位系统，设计单回路和串级控制系统的仿真模型。采用临界比例度法对单回路液位控制系统进行PID控制器的设计，并用MATLAB进行仿真。而对于串级系统则使用工程上的参数整定方法设计其PID控制器。最后，本文初步研究BP神经网络的PID控制，利用神经网络的自学习、非线性和不依赖模型等特性实现PID参数的在线自整定，充分PID和神经网络的优点。 关键词：多容液位系统；PID控制器；参数整定；BP神经网络 Abstract The liquid level is one of control parameters that industrial process often meet. Carry on an accurate liquid level control to the object that is needed, related to the quality of product, is a guarantee of production and the important problem of safety. As a result, liquid level control is of great realistic significance and broad application prospects. ????In recent years, with in-depth study of control theory, many new control algorithm have appeared. However, the PID controller is still an integral part of the basic control unit in process control. Aiming at the different type multi-tank liquid level system, designing the suitable PID controllers as to carry on a liquid contol, not only the cost is low, but also the control is effective, it has a high practical value. This paper designed PID controllers for multi-tank liquid level system, and carry on simulation design , mainly completed the following works. First, making use of the mechanism method to analyze the models of double-tank and three-tank process. Master the multi-tank liquid level control system of mathematical modeling, and the mathematics models of the water level of the simulation with MATLAB. Second, for multi-tank liquid level system, Design single loop and cascade control system of the simulation model. Adopt The proportion degree method to design their PID controllers and simulation with MATLAB. For double-tank cascade, using engineering setting method to desig