第2章第1节数列的极的限与无穷大量.pptVIP

Chapt 2 数列与极限; 本章主要内容 §1. 数列极限和无穷大 §2. 函数的极限 §3. 连续函数 §4. 无穷小量和无穷大量的阶;Chapt 2. 极限与连续;本 节 内 容 ;“割之弥细，所失弥少，割之又割，以至于不可割，则与圆周合体而无所失矣” ——刘徽;讨论圆内接正多边形与该圆周的关系; 圆面积亦如此。;2、截丈问题;一、数列极限的定义;例如：;播放;定量分析： 无限趋近于1是指： 当 n 充分大时, 能任意小，并保持任意小。;由不等式有 ，故只须 即可。;若数列不存在极限, 则称数列是发散的. 如 是发散数列.;３、数列极限的几何解释:;邻域法定义;（2）N的存在性与非唯一性，且N仅与 有关而与n无关。;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;例1;例2;小结:;证明：分三种情况证明. (方法一);（方法二）;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;缩小分母，适当放大;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;※;(;推论1所指出的实质问题是两个收敛数列的充分远片段中项的大小与这两个数列的极限大小的关系问题。;推论2特殊情况所指出的实质问题是一个收敛数列的极限符号与这个数列的充分远片段中项的符号的关系问题。;Th2.（唯一性）收敛数列的极限是唯一的。;称“两边夹”法则;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;由两面夹法则，得证。;分析：观察函数结构，构造出定理给出的结构形式，然后应用定理。;;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; Th4. 有极限（收敛）的数列是有界的。;三、数列极限的运算;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;注1. 两数列收敛仅是极限运算成立的充分条件， 而非必要条件。例 如：;注2. 极限运算可推广到有限多个数列的情形， 但对无穷多个却不成立。;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation