5第五章 先心病之asd vsd pda（5第五章 先心病之asd vsd pda）.docVIP

5第五章 先心病之asd vsd pda（5第五章 先心病之asd vsd pda） The fifth chapter is congenital cardiovascular disease Section 1. Common congenital cardiovascular diseases in adults Congenital cardiovascular diseases (congenital, cardiovascular, diseases) are malformations caused by the development of the fetal heart in the mothers body or by a partial standstill (malformation). The children after birth can be found to have cardiovascular disease, is a common disease in pediatrics. Congenital cardiovascular malformations have many kinds, and the hemodynamic effects are quite different. Some can not survive after birth, or within a short period of time without surgical treatment can not survive, these children are in the pediatric clinic, a pediatric category; some congenital malformation of the hemodynamic disorder can self adjust and compensatory and natural survival to adulthood. This part of the patient also accounts for a certain proportion of adult cardiovascular diseases. This chapter provides a brief introduction to the common congenital cardiovascular diseases, which can naturally survive into adults. Refer to the relevant sections of Pediatrics for the etiology, pathogenesis, and classification of congenital cardiovascular diseases. Atrial septal defect, ASD Atrial septal defect (ASD) is one of the most common congenital heart disease in adults, congenital heart disease, in addition to the two leaf aortic valve malformation, the rate of occurrence of this disease occupies the first place, more women than men, male to female ratio was 1:2, and have a family genetic predisposition. [pathological dissection] Atrial septal defect is generally divided into primary hole defects (Primum atrial defect) and secondary (secundum atrial septal defect defect), the former actually belongs to the part of endocardial cushion defect, often combined with mitral and tricuspid valve dysplasia three. The latter were isolated atrial septal defect (including oval fossa, oval fossa, oval fossa, poster