翻译中及常见错误.pptVIP

翻译中的常见错误 汉译英 造成汉译英常见错误的原因错综复杂，但就其原因主要有两个：一是运用英语知识的实践能力差，尽管道理和规则记得很熟，但由于练习较少，动笔时容易出错；二是受汉语的影响，常见的错误往往是用英语套用汉语的表达方式，习惯说法和思维模式等。 生搬硬套型错误 这类错误就是把汉语表达的意思逐词照搬地直译成英语。 美中不足 Both America and China are insufficient (正：a fly in the ointment) 嫁祸于人 Marry the misfortune to another. （正：shift the misfortune onto sb. else） 范例 欢迎你来到英语角活动。 Welcome you to join our English corner activities. You are welcome to join our English corner. Welcome to join our English corner. 逻辑型错误 在用英语表达汉语原文的意思时，时间的先与后，执行者与承受者之间的关系，非谓语动词的逻辑主语与住句的主语，比较句的排除与包括，代替词和名次的性与数的一致等都存在着一个逻辑问题。 时间先后不合逻辑 对不起，我没看见你。 误：Sorry I don’t see you. 正：Sorry I didn’t see you. 范例 从图书馆借来的那本书已找到。 The book which was borrowed from the library had been found. The book which had been borrowed from the library was found. 不定式的逻辑主语问题 虽然不定式没有语法上的主语，但有逻辑主语。不定式的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。 为了在搞科研中取得成功，需要坚持不懈。 误：To succeed in a scientific research project, persistence is needed. 正：To succeed in a scientific research project, one needs to be persistent. 范例 要做出决定，应该考虑各种因素。 To make a decision, everything must be taken into consideration. To make a decision, you must take everything into consideration. 这本书需要翻译成英语 The book is required to put into English. The book is required to be put into English. 分词的逻辑主语问题 分词的逻辑主语必须与句中的主语相一致。否则便成为悬垂分词。 老虎在笼子里，因此我不怕。 误：Being in a cage, I was not afraid of the tiger. 正：The tiger being in a cage, I was not afraid of it. 范例 看着窗外，他想起了自己的童年。 Looking out of the window, thoughts of his childhood came to him. Looking out of the window, he thought of his childhood. 听到这消息时，他满眼是泪。 Hearing the sad news, his eyes were filled with tears. When he heard the sad news, his eyes were filled with tears. 不合乎逻辑的比较 指在译成英语的句子中形成了非等同物之间的比较，如： 你们班的女生比我们班的更活跃。 误：The girls in your class are more active than our class. 正：The girls in your class are more active than those in our class. 语法型错误 常见的语法错误有：名词单复数变化错误；冠词、介词错用漏用；比较级、最高级错用或不一致；主谓关系不一致、主从关系混乱、非谓语动词及虚拟语气表达错误等。 他本来想多给你一点帮助的，只是他太忙了。 误：He wanted to give you more help, but he has been so busy recently. 正：H