大型船用燃油锅炉水位建模及控制策略的.pdfVIP

大型船用燃油锅炉水位建模及控制策略的研究 摘 要 锅炉是全船重要的动力设备，其功能是供给合格蒸汽，使锅炉蒸汽 量适应负荷的需要。为此，生产过程的各个主要工艺参数必须严格控 制。锅炉汽包水位是主要工艺参数，它关系着汽水分离的速度和生产蒸 汽的质量，也是确保安全生产的重要参数。随着科学技术的飞速发展， 现代锅炉向蒸发量大，汽包容积相对减小方向发展。这样，要使锅炉的 蒸发量随时适应负荷设备的需要量，汽包水位的变化速度必然很快，稍 不注意就容易因虚假液位造成烧干锅，或者汽包满水。可见锅炉汽包水 位控制在锅炉设备控制系统中的重要性。 MISSIONTM-D 型锅炉是一个参数随运行工况的变化而变化的多变 量、非线性、时变的复杂系统。本文首先从锅炉汽包内水的热平衡、物 质平衡原理出发，建立了锅炉水位对象的通用机理数学模型，并着力研 究了 MISSIONTM-D 型锅炉水位对象控制模型的特点。 本课题在具体分析了一些影响汽包水位对象控制主要因素的基础 上，详细分析讨论了目前通常采用的控制方法，深入分析了水位对象模 型的动静态特性。为锅炉及控制系统的设计提供了理论依据。运用 MATLAB 、SIMULINK仿真工具，详细分析了蒸汽负荷、给水量、热负 荷等变量对锅炉水位的影响。 关键词: 船舶, 锅炉水位, 仿真, 三冲量 1/56 STUDY OF MODELLING AND CONTROL STARTEGY OF LARGE MARINE BOILER WATER LEVEL ABSTRACT The boiler is a kind of essential equipment which is required to produce desirable steam to meet the change of the steam consumption. Therefore, the main technical parameters must be strictly monitored and controlled. Especially the system of boiler water level is one of the most important factors with relation to the safety of the whole boiler. Any mal-operation could lead to the serious accidents. MISSIONTM-D type boiler is a complex dual-variables system, with the non-linear characteristic, whose parameters vary with the change of the running conditions. Fist of all, by the analysis of the heat mass balance principle, the general control model of the description of the boiler water level is conducted, and the characteristics of D type boiler is also researched. Secondly, with the aid of MATLAB and SIMULINK, we carry out the simulation test of boiler water level control in the different running condition like the change of steam load, feed water, fuel oil and combi