西南涌的水文要素及其对水质的影响研究.doc

摘 要河流的水质不仅受到来自生活、工业、农业等人类社会、经济活动的影响，还跟河流本身的水文条件等自然因素影响。譬如：河流的含沙量、径流量以及潮汐变化规律对河流的水质（如：化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷等水质指标）产生直接的影响河流的水文要素在河流的自净能力上发挥着的重要的作用，掌握好河流的水文要素对水质影响的规律，处理好两者之间的关系，可以增强河流的自净能力。河流水文要素包括：河流的水位水深、流速流量、降水情况、含沙量、潮汐变化规律、丰枯水期变化等，本文以佛山市三水区西南涌为调查研究对象，采取跟踪调查以及收集相关部门的相关数据、资料、报告和工作总结等手段，研究水文要素对西南涌水质影响，弄清楚西南涌的地形、水系、气候等自然情况及其降水特性、蒸发量、水位、洪水量等水文特性；经过一段时间对西南涌上下游分段布设断面取样监测，对数据统计，对比分析，掌握了这些水文要素的变化规律对西南涌水质的影响 关键词：水文要素，西南涌，水质，监测 Abstract Not only by water from the river of life, industry, agriculture and human society, the impact of economic activities, even went to the hydrological conditions of the river itself, and other natural factors. For example: the river sediment runoff and tidal changes of the water quality of rivers (such as: chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and other water quality indicators) have a direct impact elements in river hydrology river self-purification ability to play important role in mastering the river water quality and hydrological factors affecting the law, deal with the relationship between the two, can enhance self-purification capacity of rivers. River hydrology elements include: the water level of river water depth, flow velocity, precipitation conditions, sediment concentration, tidal variation, changes in drought periods, this paper Foshan Sanshui district southwest Bay study for the investigation and take follow-up survey and the collection of relevant departments relevant data, information, reports, and summary of the work, and other means of hydrological factors on the southwest Bay water quality impact, clear southwest Bay of terrain, water, climate and other natural features and its precipitation, evaporation, water level, floods and other hydrological characteristics of the amount ; after a period of time took to the downstream section of the southwest section of sampling monitor layout, statistical data, comparative analysis, control elements of these hydrological changes of the water quality of the southwest Ba