霍尔传感器电机转速测量系统设计.docVIP

霍尔传感器电机转速测量系统设计 09电子1班 刘荣 090406130 摘要：本文介绍了单片机的直流电机转速测量系统测量转速的霍尔传感器和机轴同轴连接，机轴每转一周，产生一定量的脉冲个数，由霍尔器件电路部分输出幅度为12V的脉冲。经光电器后成为输出幅度为V转数计数器的计数脉冲。控制计数时间，即可实现对。通过1602实现在LCD上直观地显示电机的转速值。采用模块化方法进行了软件设计编制了电机转速的测量设计了测量模块、转速模块、报警模块、显示模块等的C51程序，并通过PROTEUSE软件进行了仿真硬件。关键词单片机液晶显示Abstract：The principles of motor speed measurements with hall sensor was described in this article and DC motor speed measurement system which is based on AT89C51 was designed, and the corresponding hardware circuit designs was also completed accordingly. The hall sensor is connected with crankshaft by coaxial junction. Every revolution of the crankshaft will generate a certain amount of pulses whose amplitude is 12v. The opto-coupler turns these certain amount of pulses into 5-amplitude count impulse. The motor speed can be measured by controlling the time. In the design of display circuit, the number of motor speed is displayed in LCD directly through 1602. The motor speed measurement system and the hardware circuits, display circuit function are debugged to cooperate with the software to display and alarm users. Combination of hardware circuit design, softwares were designed by a modular approach using C51 program, such as the motor speed measurement module, alarm module, display module etc., All these programs were simulated through PROTEUSE.The simulation results have proved that the hardware circuits design and software program is correct, and the system can meet the designing requirement completely. Key WordS: Motor Speed Measurement; Hall Sensor; Microcomputer; 89C51；LCD·霍尔在1879年发现的。产生的电势差称为霍尔电压。利用霍尔效应制成的元件称为霍尔传感器。 霍尔传感器属于磁敏元件，磁敏元件也是基于磁电转换原理，磁敏传感器是把磁学物理量转换成电信号。 随着半导体技术的发展，磁敏元件得到应用和发展，广泛用于自动控制、信息传递、电磁场、生物医学等方面的电磁、压力、加速度、振动测量。 它的特点是结构简单、体积小、动态特性好、寿命长。 霍尔传感器A3144是Allegro MicroSystems公司生产的宽温、开关型霍尔效应传感器，其工作温度范围可达-40℃～150℃。它由电压调整电路、反相电源保护电路、霍尔元件、温度补偿电路、微信号放大器、施密特触发器和OC门输出极构成，通过使用上拉电阻可以将其输出接入CMOS逻辑电路。该芯片具有尺寸小、稳定性好、灵敏度高等特点，有两种封装形式，一种是3脚贴片微小型封装，后缀为“LH”；另一种是3脚直插式封装，后缀为“UA”。 A3144E系列单极高温霍尔效应集成传感器是由稳压