情态动词和虚拟语气1.doc

高三英语二轮复习专题----情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词一、综述 时态往往和语态在出题方面结合比较紧密，而情态动词和虚拟语气也有类似之处。情态动词表示说话人对某 一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。但不能单独作谓语动词用，必须和不带to的不定式连用构成谓语动词情态动词在高考中所占的比分也比较大，往往出现在单选，完形以及改错题中，情态动词是每年高考必出到考点之一。所以，我们需要很好到掌握这方面到语法常识。学习中，我们就结合历年的高考趋势和方向来学习和掌握情态动词在英语中的应用。 二、分类 一）can, can’t, could, couldn’t; be able to 二）should, shouldn’t; must, mustn’t; have to, don’t have to; ought to, ought not to 三）need（也可作实意动词）, needn’t; dare(也可作实意动词); shall（也可作助动词）; will（也可作助动词）, would 四）must / may / might / could + have + done 表示“本-----而实际上没有”。 三、高考试题引入： 1. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well，he have gone far—his coat’s still here. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t 答案 C 2. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it? A. can B. must C. should D. would 答案 A 3. —She looks very happy. She have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 答案 C 4. — May I smoke here? — If you ，choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. must 答案 D解析 由本题语境可知，空白处应表示“非得……”之意，故须用must。 5. Helen go on the trip with us，but she isn’t quite sure yet. A. shall B. must C. may D. can 答案 C 6. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _______ get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 四、情态动词详细归纳： 一）can、could与be able to 1. 表示能力,尤其表示主语自身拥有的能力或者特性等. e.g. Most of us can use the computer now, but I couldn’t use it last year. e.g. He was not able to climb up on the top of the mountain. e.g. He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2. 表示客观的可能性,或者是潜在的可能性. e.g. 有时候焦作的气温可能会交到零下10度。 Sometimes the temperature in Jiaozuo can fall to ten degrees below freezing. e.g. 焦作有时容易刮风，尤其在春季。 It can be quite windy in Jiaozuo, especially in spring. 3. 表示推测。表示推测时，一般不用于肯定句中，多用于否定句和疑问